Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Research

Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Research

Identifying the challenges faced by nomadic entrepreneurs Case study: Ecotourism residences of Qashqai nomads of Fars province

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
maryam ghasemi
Saeed Hamedfar
Department of Geography, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
10.22034/eir.2023.168070
Abstract
Today, tourism is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. Among the different types of tourism, nomadic tourism is one of the most unique types of tourism, which provides the opportunity for tourists to gain different experiences compared to other types and also increases the economic power of nomads. Despite the reception of this type of tourism by tourists during the last decade, the owners of nomadic ecotourism residences are facing many problems.
The present study identifies the challenges faced by the owners of nomadic ecotourism residences/entrepreneurs of the Qashqai nomads of Fars province.
Method:
The research method is descriptive and analytical. The unit of analysis is the owners of nomadic ecotourism residences. The research tool was the questionnaire and the field data collection method. In this study, 40 challenges under 10 main challenges were identified and investigated. At the time of the research, Fars province had 132 urban, rural and nomadic ecotourism residences, of which 15 were nomadic ecotourism residences. These residences are scattered in 10 cities of the province.
findings:
The first and most important challenge facing nomadic ecotourism residences is the problem of providing capital with an average of 3.9. The second challenge is not paying attention to the environmental capacities with an average of 2.3 and the third challenge is the weakness in the required infrastructure such as transportation, communication and public infrastructure with an average of 1.3.
Keywords
Fars province
ecotourism residence
Qashqai nomads
entrepreneurship

منابع

Afsharsistani, Iraj (2004). Art and life: Iran's nomadic society. Art, (60). 239-249. (in Persian)  
Anabastani, Ali Akbar, Giyahi, Hassan, Javanshiri, Mehdi (2018). Investigating and analyzing the effects of creating ecotourism residences on the development of rural settlements (example: Radkan village, Chenaran city). Spatial Planning, 8(2), 1-24. (in Persian)  
Ansari, Vahid, Heydari, Qadrat Elah, Mojtabiyan, Seyyed Mojtabi, Rastgar, Shafaq (2018). The effect of nomadic tourism development on sustainable livelihood indicators of pastoralists (case study: Lar nomadic areas, central Alborz). Pasture, 13(2): 294-305. (in Persian)  
Ashraf Nazari, Ali, Yazdan Panah, Milad (2018). The political-social construction of the tribe and the representation of power legitimizing mechanisms: a case study of the Qashqai tribe. Iranian Cultural Research, 12(2). 210-183. (in Persian)  
Bahramian, Allah Dad (2008). A look at the history and culture of Eilat Shesh Bloki and Rahimlou Qashqai. Shiraz: Qashqai. (in Persian)  
Behnamshirazi, N. (2018). Achieving Sustainable Tourism Through Eco-Lodge Venture: Evidence From Eco-Lodge Cases (Master's thesis, Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU)-Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi (DAÜ)).
Dumornyi, Gustave (2011). Nomads of Persia Translated by Rafifar, Jalaluddin. Tehran: Tehran University Press. (in Persian)  
Fazel, B. F., & Najmeh, H. (2018). Participatory tourism development in Iran: implementing community-based tourism within a migrating nomadic tribe. In Tourism in Iran (pp. 193-206). Routledge.
Ghadiri Masoum, Mojtaba, Astelaghi, Alireza, Pazaki, Masoumeh (2010). Sustainable rural and nomadic tourism. Tehran: Tehran University Press. (in Persian)  
Ghadiri Masoum, Mojtabi, Minaei, Mehrsa, Darban-Astaneh, Alireza (2019). The role of ecotourism residences in the development of rural tourism in the rural areas of Khor and Biyabank. Space economy and rural development, 9 (32). 23-42. (in Persian)  
Ghasemi, Maryam, Khoob, Shadi (2021). Tourist attraction strategies for rural ecotourism accommodations using strategic planning tools (case study: Radkan - Chenaran city). Land Geographical Engineering, 5(9). 15-28. (in Persian)  
Hassanpour, Alireza, Soleimani, Hussein, Gandomkar Ghaffari, Ramin (2021). Identifying and analyzing the intellectual patterns on the impact of construction of ecotourism resorts on sustainable rural development (Case Study: Moran section of Grammystan city of Ardabil). Geography and Environmental Studies, 10 (38). 7-24. (in Persian)  
Hosseini, Fatemeh (2017). Challenges and opportunities of ecotourism residences in the country. News research of the political deputy of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting. (in Persian)  
Hyderabadian, Shahram (2012). Understanding the tourism industry. Tehran: Subhan Noor. (in Persian)  
Ivanov, Mikhail Sergey Yevitch (2014). Nomads of the south (nomads of Fars): Qashqai, Khamsa, Kohgiluyeh, Mamsani. Translated by Pahlavan, Keyvan, Dad, Masoumeh. Tehran: Aron. (in Persian)  
Karke Abadi, Zainab, Hosseini, Hamideh (2010). Investigating the potential of tourism entrepreneurship in the nomadic society of Iran. Work and Society, 120: 37-50. (in Persian)  
Karmi, Fariba, Akbarian, Saeedreza, Jabari Arakhlo, Afsana (2020). Investigating effective motivational factors in the development of nomadic tourism (case study: Qashqai tribe). Tourism Planning and Development, 10(37). 63-39. (in Persian)  
Kayani, Manouchehr (2009). The Thirty Shades: A Study of the Life of the Qashqai People, Shiraz: Kian Publishing House. (in Persian)  
Kazemi, Mehdi (2011). Tourism management. Tehran: Samt Publications. (in Persian)  
Lotfi, Heidar, Musazadeh, Hossein, Jurablou, Kamran (2018). Nomadic tourism planning in line with the economic development of the nomadic areas of North Khorasan province using VIKOR and Factor methods, the first international conference of Lut Desert, Ardibehesht, Birjand. (in Persian)  
Lotfi, Heidar, Yousefi Basri, Ali Mohammad, Mousavi, Reza (2011). Nomads, development and tourism. Tehran: Geographical Organization of the Armed Forces. (in Persian)  
Mirvahedi, Seyed Saeed, Esfandiari Bayat, Elham (2016). Investigating the potential of cultural tourism entrepreneurship in Qashqai nomadic society of Iran. Tourism and Development, 5(3). 62-78. (in Persian)  
Moshiri, Seyyed Rahim (2001). Geography of Nomadism, Basics and Iran, Tehran: Samt Publications. (in Persian)  
Moshiri, Seyyed Rahim, Moulai Hashtjin, Nasrullah (2004). Economy of nomads. Tehran: Payam Noor University Press. (in Persian)  
Muntsari, Zahra (2012). Nomads, mobile tourist attractions, the first national conference of tourism and nature tourism in Iran Zamin, Esfand, Hamedan. 1-22. (in Persian)  
Nasiri Tayibi, Mansour (2013). The Qashqai tribe in contemporary Iranian history, Tehran: Pardis Danesh Publications. (in Persian)  
Nomadic Affairs Organization (2015). Achievements of Iran Nomadic Affairs Organization. (in Persian)  
Papli Yazdi, Mohammad Hossein, Saqaei, Mehdi (2013). Tourism (nature and concepts). Tehran: Samt. (in Persian)  
Rasouli, Ali, Shahvand, Ali (2016). Local competitions in Fars and the relocation of the Bushehr-Shiraz route from the Shahi road to the Jareh road (1909-1910/1329-1327 AH). Historical Researches of Iran and Islam, 10(18). 39-64. (in Persian)  
Rezaei, Pejman (2018). Locating nomadic tourism sites using GIS and Topsis (study area: Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province). Human settlement planning studies (geographic perspective), 13(4). 951-969. (in Persian)  
Ruknuddin Eftekhari, Abdul Reza, Imani Tayibi, Leila, Farhadi Yunki, Majid (2019). Factors affecting the development of experience-oriented tourism in nomadic areas (case study: Qashqai nomads). Rural Research, 11(4). 712-727. (in Persian)  
Ruknuddin Iftikhari, Abdul Reza, Portahari, Mahdi, Aghamohammadi, Mahdi (2011). The role of tourism sample areas in the development of nomadic areas (case study: Alvand sample tourism area of Hamedan). Tourism and Development, 1(1). 59-75. (in Persian)  
Safinejad, Javad (1996). Nomads of central Iran. Tehran: Amir Kabir Publications. (in Persian)  
Shakur, Ali, Rezaei, Mohammad Reza (2010). Investigating and comparing the economic models of production in the Qashqai tribe of Firozabad and measuring and their tendency to change the spread of livelihood. Human Geography, 2(2). 133-123. (in Persian)  
Taherinejad, Kazem, Taherinejad, Fatemeh (2017). Investigation and analysis of factors affecting the development of tourism in nomadic areas (case study: Fars province). 9th National Tourism Geography and Sustainable Environment Conference, Ardibehesht, Hamedan. (in Persian)  
Wanda, George, A., Meyer, Heather, and J. Reed, Daland (2012). Development of rural tourism (localism and cultural changes). Translated by Rezvani, Mohammad Reza, Ramzanzadeh Lesboui, Mehdi, Khorasani, Mohammad Amin. Tehran: Mahkame. (in Persian)  
Yasuri, Majid, Kishori, Zainab (1391). Investigating the economic developments of Qashqai nomad households (a case study, Aslanlu tribe), National Rural Development Conference, Shahrivar, Rasht. (in Persian)  
Yousefi, M., Tamassoki, E., & Tamassoki, E. (2022). Production progress and its role in nomadic ecotourism: A case study of active nomadic ecotourism centers in Fars province, Iran. Central Asian Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Innovation, 3(1), 10-15.
Ziyai, Mahmoud, Faqihi, Abolhassan, Jumapour, Mahmoud and Shekari, Fatemeh (2017). Development of a framework for the resilience of nomadic nomads' livelihoods (case study: Qashqai tribe). Quarterly Journal of Iranian Society of Management Sciences, 12 (47), 51-73. (in Persian)